At Vivo Pharmacy, we are committed to helping you stay informed and protected, whether you are travelling abroad or simply staying prepared. Cholera remains a risk in many parts of the world, and understanding the illness is the first step towards safeguarding your health. Here’s everything you need to know about cholera, including its symptoms, causes, and the most effective ways to protect yourself, including the vital role of the cholera vaccine.

What is Cholera?

Cholera is a serious bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae. It primarily affects the small intestine and is typically spread through contaminated water or food. Although it can cause severe illness, cholera is highly preventable with the right precautions. The infection is often linked to poor sanitation and limited access to clean water, which means it is far more common in certain parts of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America.

In many cases, cholera can be mild or even asymptomatic. However, without proper treatment, severe cases can quickly become life-threatening due to rapid dehydration.

Symptoms of Cholera

Symptoms of cholera usually appear within two to five days after infection. They can vary in severity but commonly include:

Watery diarrhoea – often described as “rice-water stools” due to its pale appearance.

Severe dehydration – leading to dry mouth, sunken eyes, low blood pressure, and rapid heart rate.

Nausea and vomiting – contributing further to fluid loss.

Muscle cramps – resulting from electrolyte imbalances.

Weakness and lethargy – caused by dehydration and nutrient loss.

In extreme cases, without prompt fluid replacement and medical care, cholera can cause shock, kidney failure, and death within hours.

Causes of Cholera

Cholera spreads through ingestion of contaminated food or water. In areas where sanitation is poor and access to clean drinking water is limited, the bacteria thrive. Common sources of infection include:

–> Drinking water contaminated by sewage.

–> Eating food that has been handled by an infected person.

–> Consuming raw or undercooked seafood from contaminated waters.

–> Eating raw fruits and vegetables washed in unsafe water.

Once inside the body, Vibrio cholerae releases a toxin that causes the intestines to release large amounts of water, leading to the characteristic diarrhoea and rapid dehydration.

How to Protect Yourself from Cholera

At Vivo Pharmacy, we believe that prevention is always better than cure. Here are the best ways to protect yourself, especially if you are travelling to an area where cholera is present:

1. Get the Cholera Vaccine

The cholera vaccine offers effective protection against infection. Available as an oral vaccine, it is usually given in two doses taken one to six weeks apart. The vaccine helps your body build immunity to the bacteria, significantly lowering your risk of contracting the disease.

We recommend speaking to our travel health specialists at Vivo Pharmacy well in advance of your trip, as some destinations require proof of vaccination, and the vaccine needs time to become fully effective.

2. Practise Good Hygiene

Hand hygiene is essential. Wash your hands frequently with soap and safe water, especially before eating, preparing food, and after using the toilet. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser.

3. Drink Safe Water

Only drink water that you know is safe. Options include bottled water with an intact seal, water that has been boiled, or water treated with chlorine tablets or appropriate filters. Avoid ice in drinks unless you are sure it has been made from safe water.

4. Eat Carefully

Choose foods that are thoroughly cooked and served hot. Peel fruits and vegetables yourself after washing your hands. Avoid street food, raw seafood, and salads that may have been washed in contaminated water.

5. Be Prepared

Carry an oral rehydration solution (ORS) with you when travelling. In the unlikely event you do develop symptoms, ORS can help you quickly replace lost fluids and electrolytes until you can access medical care.

Protect Your Health with Vivo Pharmacy

Cholera is a preventable disease, and with the right precautions, you can travel with confidence. At Vivo Pharmacy, we offer comprehensive travel health services, including the cholera vaccine, to help protect you wherever your journey takes you. Our team is on hand to provide personalised advice, vaccinations, and travel essentials to keep you safe and well. Reach out today to find out more.

If you are planning to travel to a region where cholera is present, we encourage you to book a travel consultation with Vivo Pharmacy today. Let us help you stay healthy, prepared, and ready for adventure.

This blog was written on behalf of Vivo Pharmacy by Pharmacy Mentor.